Classical ethics presented under the system of Yoga can be applied to all human self culture, reminding us of the need to avoid certain wrongs in behavior and character and to concentrate upon constructive human virtues. It offers us a simple system for practical application of self discipline that requires both restraint and positive effort.
The focus upon eliminating our faults is included under Yamas based upon the Indian system of classical philosophy that is motivated towards human excellence. Self culture or the need for improvement is likened to cultivation of the soil when we need vigilance in eradicating weeds as well as constant care in nurturing the good seeds and qualities.
Yamas are likened to the process of pulling out these ‘weeds’ or unwanted impulses in our nature and actions.
On the other hand, using the gardening analogy, the Niyamas are the positive virtues that we seek to cultivate.
YAMAS
These represent principles that can be applied on any level – physical, psychological or spiritual.
Ahimsa – non-killing, non-violence
Satya – non-lying, or truthfulness
Asteya – non-stealing – physical, emotional, mental etc.
Brahmacharya – purity in sexual matters requiring us to be free of perversions
Aparigrapha – non-wasting – non-accumulation – applied economy and simplicity
One of the earliest reminders is the need to eliminate or reduce or eliminate all types of fear and anxiety. All our negative reactions, stresses, strains, tensions – must all be faced and eventually banished. They are the ‘leeches’ which drain our psychic nature and reduce our health, happiness and quality of life. This is why the practice of relaxation and meditation is seen as so important.
Insight into our own personality takes certain practice and courage to admit to weakness or wrongs. But without the ability for self analysis, it is likely that we will be analyzed by others who may not be generously disposed towards us. It is necessary to know our weaknesses before improvement can take place.
NIYAMAS remind us of enduring qualities of human goodness
Saucha – purity of body and soul – health
Santosa – contentment and balanced, peaceful emotions
Tapas – austerity, simplicity, enthusiasm and intensity of purpose
Svadhyaya – self analysis, self development of mind and body
Isvara Pranidhana – devotion to God and the noblest spiritual ideals
Yet we must determine for ourselves the virtues we wish to cultivate. Although we may share the common goal of striving towards human perfection there are many thousands of different ways of expression of human energy and intelligence. Even our ideals differ. The value of anything is best tested, measured and known to us by the outcome.
Niyama is the stage of making effort towards constructive building, not only of character but of every positive plan and talent wish you wish to make or to express. Diligence is required to cultivate every quality from the tiniest selected seed beginnings to the blossoming of a talent or quality. Natural law has established that we grow by self effort.
For all the good ideas we may plant, there will be a hundred more weeds that threaten the life of the one you desire to flourish. Patience and careful tending of the garden of your nature is necessary before the desired transformation you may wish to effect in your nature and in your life.
Personal effort is amply rewarded and worthwhile for those aspiring towards total health and greater spiritual perception.
Yamas/Niyamas symbolize the two inner voices that guide us, reminding us of right and wrong. The first is our conscience, reminding us what not to do, or what not to feel. The other is our intuition which guides us towards right action and decision. Together they act like two sides of a coin, restraining us and encouraging us.
The basics of ethics are easy to comprehend. Those who wish to explore the deeper or subtler aspects of Yogic philosophy and practice will seek an appropriate teacher or guide.
Understanding The Different Types Of Yoga
The full notion of the ancient hatha yoga is a divine path that encompasses moral and ethics, exercises, breathe control and meditation.
Brief Alternative History of Yoga
Classical Yoga Originates 200 BCE. Inspired by both Tantra and Samkhya philosophy, Patanjali systematizes important aspects of Tantra into the eightfold path of Asthanga Yoga:
The Eight Limbs of Classical Yoga. Classical yoga is organised into eight parts, each of which affect every aspect of life, as follows:
An interview with James Bryan on Knoff Yoga Teacher Training
Observing & Assisting in public yoga classes. Philosophy, Ethics and Yogic Lifestyle: Health Beyond Posture; The Philosophy of Posture; Posture as Philosophy; What is Yoga?
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